Satélites de Saturno

El planeta Saturno tiene 53 lunas con nombre, y otras 29 que aún se están estudiando. Muchas de las lunas son muy pequeñas: 33 tienen menos de 10 km de diámetro y trece lunas tienen menos de 50 km. Muchas de las lunas llevan el nombre de titanes, gigantes o dioses menores griegos o romanos. Algunas lunas de Saturno son muy grandes; la luna Titán es más grande que el planeta Mercurio.

Lunas confirmadas

Las lunas de Saturno se enumeran aquí por período orbital (o semieje mayor), de la más corta a la más larga. Las lunas lo suficientemente masivas como para que sus superficies hayan colapsado en un esferoide están resaltadas en negrita, mientras que las lunas irregulares están listadas en rojo, naranja y fondo gris.

Clave


†Lunas heladas mayores

♠Titan


Grupo Inuit


♦Grupo metálico

♣Norse
group

Recientemente, se han descubierto 20 nuevas lunas en Saturno que aún no han sido nombradas.

Pida

Etiqueta

Nombre

Pronunciación

Imagen

Diámetro (km)

Masa
(×10 15kg)

Eje semimayor (km)

Período orbital (d)

Inclinación

Excentricidad

Posición

Discoveryyear

Descubridor

1

S/2009 S/2009 S 1

-

≈ 0.3

< 0.0001

≈ 117000

≈ 0.47

≈ 0°

≈ 0

Anillo B exterior

2009

Cassini

(lunares)

-

A noisy image showing a few bright dots marked by circles

0,04 a 0,4 (Earhart)

< 0.0001

≈ 130000

≈ 0.55

≈ 0°

≈ 0

Tres bandas de 1.000 km dentro del anillo A

2006

Cassini

2

XVIII

Pan Pan

/ˈpæn/

A bright fuzzy band (rings of Saturn) is running from the left to right. In the center a bright irregularity shaped body is superimposed on its upper edge. A narrow grayish band, which is a part of the main band, partially covers the body.

28.2±2.6
(34 × 31 × 20)

4.95±0.75

133584

+0.57505

0.001°

0.000035

en la División Encke

1990

M. Showalter

3

XXXV

Daphnis Daphnis

/ˈdæfnɪs/

Two bright bands run from the left to right. In the narrow gap between them (Keeler gap), which has wavy edges, a small oblong object can be seen.

7.6±1.6
(9 × 8 × 6)

0.084±0.012

136505

+0.59408

≈ 0°

≈ 0

en Keeler Gap

2005

Cassini

4

XV

Atlas Atlas

/ˈætləs/

An irregularly shaped body is fully illuminated. The body, which looks like a cone viewed from the south pole, is elongated downward.

30.2±1.8
(41 × 35 × 19)

6.6±0.045

137670

+0.60169

0.003°

0.0012

exterior Un pastor de anillos

1980

Voyager 2

5

XVI

Prometheus Prometheus

/proʊˈmiːθiəs/

An irregularly shaped oblong body is fully illuminated. It is elongated in the direction from the right to left. Its surface is covered by craters. There is valley at the top.

86.2±5.4
(136 × 79 × 59)

159.5±1.5

139380

+0.61299

0.008°

0.0022

interior F Anillo pastor

1980

Voyager 2

6

XVII

Pandora Pandora

/pænˈdɔːrə/

An irregularly shaped body is half illuminated from the bottom. The terminator runs from the left to right. The surface is covered by numerous craters.

81.4±3.0
(104 × 81 × 64)

137.1±1.9

141720

+0.62850

0.050°

0.0042

Anillo exterior F Pastor

1980

Voyager 2

7a

XI

Epimeteo Epimeteo

/ɛpɪˈmiːθiəs/

A partially-illuminated irregular body, which has a shape remotely resembling a cube. The body's surface consists of ridges and valleys and is covered by craters.

116.2±3.6
(130 × 114 × 106)

526.6±0.6

151422

+0.69433

0.335°

0.0098

co-orbital con Janus

1977

J. Fountain, y S. Larson

7b

X

Janus Janus

/ˈdʒeɪnəs/

An irregular body, whose outline looks like an approximate circle in this image. It is illuminated from the bottom-left. The terminator runs from the top-left to bottom-right. The surface is covered by craters.

179.0±2.8
(203 × 185 × 153)

1897.5±0.6

151472

+0.69466

0.165°

0.0068

co-orbital con Epimetheus

1966

A. Dollfus

9

LIII

Aegaeon Aegaeon

/iːˈdʒiːən/

Image of Aegaeon.

≈ 0.5

≈ 0.0001

167500

+0.80812

0.001°

0.0002

Anillo G moonlet

2008

Cassini

10

I

Mimas †Mimas

/ˈmaɪməs/

A spherical body is half illuminated from the left. The terminator runs from the top to bottom in the vicinity of the right limb. A large crater with a central peak sits on the terminator slightly to the right and above the center of the body. It makes the body look like the Death Star. There are numerous smaller craters.

396.4±0.8
(416 × 393 × 381)

37493±31

185404

+0.942422

1.566°

0.0202

 

1789

W. Herschel

11

XXXII

Metona Metona

/mɪˈθoʊniː/

From May 2012 flyby

3.2±1.2

≈ 0.02

194440

+1.00957

0.007°

0.0001

Alkyonides

2004

Cassini

12

XLIX

Anthe Anthe

/ˈænθiː/

1.8

≈ 0.0015

197700

+1.05089

0.1°

0.0011

Alkyonides

2007

Cassini

13

XXXIII

Pallene Pallene

/pəˈliːniː/

In the center is Pallene, a moon of Saturn

5.0±1.2
(6 × 6 × 4)

≈ 0.05

212280

+1.15375

0.181°

0.0040

Alkyonides

2004

Cassini

14

II

Encelado †Enceladus

/ɛnˈsɛlədəs/

A spherical body is half illuminated from the right. The terminator runs from the top to bottom in the vicinity of the left limb. In the center and at the top there are heavily cratered areas.

504.2±0.4
(513 × 503 × 497)

108022±101

237950

+1.370218

0.010°

0.0047

Genera el anillo E

1789

W. Herschel

15

III

Tethys †Tethys

/ˈtiːθɪs/

A spherical heavily cratered body is illuminated from the bottom. The terminator runs from the left to right in the vicinity of the top limb. There is a wide curved graben running from the center of the body to the bottom. It is Ithaca Chasma.

1062±1.2
(1077 × 1057 × 1053)

617449±132

294619

+1.887802

0.168°

0.0001

 

1684

G. Cassini

15a

XIII

Telesto Telesto

/tɪˈlɛstoʊ/

24.8±0.8
(33 × 24 × 20)

≈ 9.41

294619

+1.887802

1.158°

0.000

líder del troyano Tethys

1980

B. Smith, H. Reitsema, S. Larson y J. Fountain

15b

XIV

Calypso Calypso

/kəˈlɪpsoʊ/

An oblong reddish body is seen in this low resolution image.

21.4±1.4
(30 × 23 × 14)

≈ 6.3

294619

+1.887802

1.473°

0.000

el troyano Tethys que se arrastra

1980

D. Pascu, P. Seidelmann, W. Baum y D. Currie

18

IV

Dione †Dione

/daɪˈoʊniː/

A spherical body is half illuminated from the right. The terminator is running from the top to bottom slightly to the left off the center. The central part of the body is smooth and has only a few craters. A heavily cratered terrain is near the right limb. A part of a large crater is intersected by the terminator in the lower-left corner. To the left of it there is a long crack running parallel to the terminator.

1122.8±0.8
(1128 × 1123 × 1119)

1095452±168

377396

+2.736915

0.002°

0.0022

 

1684

G. Cassini

18a

XII

Helene Helene

/ˈhɛlɪniː/

An irregularly shaped body illuminated from the left. Its surface is covered by numerous impact craters.

35.2±0.8
(43 × 38 × 26)

≈ 24.46

377396

+2.736915

0.212°

0.0022

líder del troyano Dione

1980

P. Laques y J. Lecacheux

18b

XXXIV

Polydeuces Polydeuces

/pɒliˈdjuːsiːz/

A small oblong body is barely resolved in this image.

2.6±0.8
(3 × 2 × 1)

≈ 0.03

377396

+2.736915

0.177°

0.0192

el troyano Dione que se arrastra

2004

Cassini

21

V

Rhea †Rhea

/ˈriːə/

A spherical body is almost fully illuminated. The terminator is running near the top edge. The surface is covered by numerous craters. Two partially overlapping large craters can be seen above the center. One that is younger is above and to the right from the older one.

1527.0±1.2
(1530 × 1526 × 1525)

2306518±353

527108

+4.518212

0.327°

0.001258

 

1672

G. Cassini

22

VI

Titan ♠Titan

/ˈtaɪtən/

An orange spherical body is half illuminated from the right. The terminator is running from the top to bottom slightly to the left off the center. Both limb and terminator are fuzzy due to light scattering in the atmosphere.

5149.46±0.18
(5149 × 5149 × 5150)

134520000±20000

1221930

+15.94542

0.3485°

0.0288

 

1655

C. Huygens

23

VII

Hyperion †Hyperion

/haɪˈpɪəriən/

An irregularly shaped oblong body is illuminated from the left. The terminator is near the right limb. The body is elongated in the top-bottom direction. The surface is punctured by numerous impact craters, which make it look like a sponge or cheese.

270±8
(360 × 266 × 205)

5620±50

1481010

+21.27661

0.568°

0.123006

en resonancia 4:3 con Titán

1848

W. BondG
. Bond
 W. Lassell

24

VIII

Iapetus †Iapetus

/aɪˈæpɪtəs/

A walnut shaped body illuminated from the bottom-left. The terminator runs from the top to right along the top-right limb. An equatorial ridge runs from the left to right and is convex in the direction of the bottom-left. Above and below it there are dark areas. Above the upper dark area and below the lower one there are bright poles. There numerous craters. Three among them are very large: one sits on the limb at the right another is in the center above the ridge. The third is below the ridge near the left limb.

1468.6±5.6
(1491 × 1491 × 1424)

1805635±375

3560820

+79.3215

15.47°

0.028613

 

1671

G. Cassini

25

XXIV

Kiviuq ‡Kiviuq

/ˈkɪviək/

≈ 16

≈ 2.79

11294800

+448.16

49.087°

0.3288

Grupo inuit

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

26

XXII

Ijiraq ‡Ijiraq

/ˈiːɪrɒk/

≈ 12

≈ 1.18

11355316

+451.77

50.212°

0.3161

Grupo inuit

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

27

IX

Phoebe ♣†Phoebe

/ˈfiːbiː/

An approximately spherical heavily cratered body is illuminated from the bottom-right. The terminator runs near the left and top limbs. There is huge crater at the top, which affects the shape, and another slightly smaller at the bottom.

213.0±1.4
(219 × 217 × 204)

8292±10

12869700

-545.09

173.047°

0.156242

Grupo nórdico

1899

W. Pickering

28

XX

Paaliaq ‡Paaliaq

/ˈpɑːliɒk/

≈ 22

≈ 7.25

15103400

+692.98

46.151°

0.3631

Grupo inuit

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

29

XXVII

Skathi ♣Skathi

/ˈskɒði/

≈ 8

≈ 0.35

15672500

-732.52

149.084°

0.246

Grupo nórdico (Skathi)

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

30

XXVI

Albiorix ♦Albiorix

/ˌælbiˈɒrɪks/

≈ 32

≈ 22.3

16266700

+774.58

38.042°

0.477

Grupo galo

2000

M. Holman

31

 

S/2007A ♣S/2007 S 2

-

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

16560000

-792.96

176.68°

0.2418

Grupo nórdico

2007

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna, B. Marsden

32

XXXVII

Bebhionn ♦Bebhionn

/bɛˈviːn/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

17153520

+838.77

40.484°

0.333

Grupo galo

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

33

XXVIII

Erriapus ♦Erriapus

/ɛriˈæpəs/

≈ 10

≈ 0.68

17236900

+844.89

38.109°

0.4724

Grupo galo

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

34

XLVII

Skoll ♣Skoll

/ˈskɒl/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

17473800

-862.37

155.624°

0.418

Grupo nórdico (Skathi)

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

35

XXIX

Siarnaq ‡Siarnaq

/ˈsiːɑːrnək/

≈ 40

≈ 43.5

17776600

+884.88

45.798°

0.24961

Grupo inuit

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

36

LII

Tarqeq ‡Tarqeq

/ˈtɑːrkeɪk/

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

17910600

+894.86

49.904°

0.1081

Grupo inuit

2007

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

37

 

S/2004B ♣S/2004 S 13

-

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

18056300

-905.85

167.379°

0.261

Grupo nórdico

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

38

LI

Greip ♣Greip

/ˈɡreɪp/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

18065700

-906.56

172.666°

0.3735

Grupo nórdico

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

39

XLIV

Hyrrokkin ♣Hyrrokkin

/hɪˈrɒkɪn/

≈ 8

≈ 0.35

18168300

-914.29

153.272°

0.3604

Grupo nórdico (Skathi)

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

40

L

Jarnsaxa ♣Jarnsaxa

/jɑːrnˈsæksə/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

18556900

-943.78

162.861°

0.1918

Grupo nórdico

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

41

XXI

Tarvos ♦Tarvos

/ˈtɑːrvəs/

≈ 15

≈ 2.3

18562800

+944.23

34.679°

0.5305

Grupo galo

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

42

XXV

Mundilfari ♣Mundilfari

/mʊndəlˈværi/

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

18725800

-956.70

169.378°

0.198

Grupo nórdico

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

43

 

S/2006 ♣S/2006 S 1

-

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

18930200

-972.41

154.232°

0.1303

Grupo nórdico (Skathi)

2006

S. Sheppard, D.C. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

44

 

S/2004C ♣S/2004 S 17

-

≈ 4

≈ 0.05

19099200

-985.45

166.881°

0.226

Grupo nórdico

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

45

XXXVIII

Bergelmir ♣Bergelmir

/bɛərˈjɛlmɪər/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

19104000

-985.83

157.384°

0.152

Grupo nórdico (Skathi)

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

46

XXXI

Narvi ♣Narvi

/ˈnɑːrvi/

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

19395200

-1008.45

137.292°

0.320

Grupo nórdico (Narvi)

2003

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

47

XXIII

Suttungr ♣Suttungr

/ˈsʊtʊŋɡər/

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

19579000

-1022.82

174.321°

0.131

Grupo nórdico

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

48

XLIII

Hati ♣Hati

/ˈhɑːti/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

19709300

-1033.05

163.131°

0.291

Grupo nórdico

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

49

 

S/2004A ♣S/2004 S 12

-

≈ 5

≈ 0.09

19905900

-1048.54

164.042°

0.396

Grupo nórdico

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

50

XL

Farbauti ♣Farbauti

/fɑːrˈbaʊti/

≈ 5

≈ 0.09

19984800

-1054.78

158.361°

0.209

Grupo nórdico (Skathi)

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

51

XXX

Thrymr ♣Thrymr

/ˈθrɪmər/

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

20278100

-1078.09

174.524°

0.453

Grupo nórdico

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

52

XXXVI

Aegir ♣Aegir

/ˈaɪ. ɪər/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

20482900

-1094.46

167.425°

0.237

Grupo nórdico

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

53

 

S/2007B ♣S/2007 S 3

-

≈ 5

≈ 0.09

20518500

≈ -1100

177.22°

0.130

Grupo nórdico

2007

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

54

XXXIX

Bestla ♣Bestla

/ˈbɛstlə/

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

20570000

-1101.45

147.395°

0.5145

Grupo nórdico (Narvi)

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

55

 

S/2007C ♣S/2004 S 7

-

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

20576700

-1101.99

165.596°

0.5299

Grupo nórdico

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

56

 

S/2006 ♣S/2006 S 3

-

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

21076300

-1142.37

150.817°

0.4710

Grupo nórdico (Skathi)

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

57

XLI

Fenrir ♣Fenrir

/ˈfɛnrɪər/

≈ 4

≈ 0.05

21930644

-1212.53

162.832°

0.131

Grupo nórdico

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

58

XLVIII

Surtur ♣Surtur

/ˈsɜːrtə/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

22288916

-1242.36

166.918°

0.3680

Grupo nórdico

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

59

XLV

Kari ♣Kari

/ˈkɑːri/

≈ 7

≈ 0.23

22321200

-1245.06

148.384°

0.3405

Grupo nórdico (Skathi)

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

60

XIX

Ymir ♣Ymir

/ˈɪmɪər/

≈ 18

≈ 3.97

22429673

-1254.15

172.143°

0.3349

Grupo nórdico

2000

B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al.

61

XLVI

Loge ♣Loge

/ˈlɔɪ. eɪ/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

22984322

-1300.95

166.539°

0.1390

Grupo nórdico

2006

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

62

XLII

Fornjot ♣Fornjot

/ˈfɔːrnjɒt/

≈ 6

≈ 0.15

24504879

-1432.16

167.886°

0.186

Grupo nórdico

2004

S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna

Lunas no confirmadas

Los siguientes objetos (observados por Cassini) no han sido confirmados como cuerpos sólidos. Todavía no está claro si se trata de verdaderos satélites o de meras aglomeraciones persistentes dentro del anillo F.

Nombre

Imagen

Diámetro (km)

Semimaxis
(km)

Periodo orbital
(d)

Posición

Año del descubrimiento

S/2004 S 6

A bright narrow band runs from the top to bottom. To the right of it in the diffuse halo the is a bright small object.

≈ 3-5

≈ 140130

+0.61801

objetos inciertos alrededor del anillo F

2004

S/2004 S 3/S 4

≈ 3-5

≈ 140300

≈ +0.619

2004



Lunas hipotéticas

Se afirma que dos lunas fueron descubiertas por diferentes astrónomos, pero nunca se volvieron a ver. Se dice que ambas lunas orbitan entre Titán e Hiperión.

  • Quirón, que supuestamente fue avistado por Hermann Goldschmidt en 1861, pero nunca fue observado por nadie más.
  • Themis fue supuestamente descubierta en 1905 por el astrónomo William Pickering, pero nunca más fue vista. No obstante, se incluyó en numerosos almanaques y libros de astronomía hasta la década de 1960.

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